Simple select statement

SELECT statement retrieves information from database tables. In the statement's simplest form, you specify the table and columns. The following SELECT statement retrieves the employee number, employee name from the employee table: You can specify the column names and table name in upper case or lower case.

CREATE TABLE EMP (EMPNO NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
                  ENAME VARCHAR2(10),
                  JOB VARCHAR2(9),
                  SAL NUMBER(7, 2),
                  DEPTNO NUMBER(2));

INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (1, 'SMITH', 'CLERK',     800,    20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (2, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 1600,    30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (3, 'WARD',  'SALESMAN', 1250,    30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (4, 'JONES', 'MANAGER',  2975,    20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (5, 'MARTIN','SALESMAN', 1250,    30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (6, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER',  2850,    30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER',  2850,    10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (8, 'SCOTT', 'ANALYST',  3000,    20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (9, 'KING',  'PRESIDENT',3000,    10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (10,'TURNER','SALESMAN', 1500,    30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (11,'ADAMS', 'CLERK',    1500,    20);

SQL> select empno, ename from emp;

     EMPNO ENAME
---------- ----------
         1 SMITH
         2 ALLEN
         3 WARD
         4 JONES
         5 MARTIN
         6 BLAKE
         7 CLARK
         8 SCOTT
         9 KING
        10 TURNER
        11 ADAMS

11 rows selected.

SQL>
SQL>

The Six Main Components of the SELECT Command:

Component	Description
SELECT	columns in the result
FROM	from what table(s)
WHERE	how to filter the rows
GROUP BY	grouped/aggregated
HAVING	conditions to filter the aggregated groups
ORDER BY	order the resulting rows